Nokia

Founded in 1865 by mining engineer Fredrik Idestam as a pulp mill in Tampere, Finland, Nokia Corporation has evolved from its humble origins into a Finnish multinational telecommunications, information technology, and consumer electronics corporation. Originally established along the Tammerkoski rapids, the company expanded in 1868 with a second mill near the town of Nokia, from which it takes its name. In 1967, Nokia, Kaapelitehdas, and Finnish Rubber Works merged to create Nokia Corporation, restructuring into forestry, cable, rubber, and electronics divisions. Under aggressive expansion in the 1980s, Nokia acquired television manufacturers Salora (1984), Luxor AB (1985), and Oceanic (1987), becoming Europe's third-largest television manufacturer. Headquartered at Karakaari 7, 02610 Espoo, Finland, in the Helsinki metropolitan area, Nokia transitioned to focus primarily on telecommunications infrastructure and technology innovation. While historically known for mobile phones, Nokia maintains involvement in consumer electronics through brand licensing, with Nokia-branded headphones and earbuds (including E1200 wireless headphones and E3103 true wireless earphones) manufactured by licensees across Asia. The company pioneered spatial audio technology through their professional OZO camera system featuring 8 microphones for 360° audio capture, though OZO camera production ceased in 2017 while the audio software technologies continue. As a B2B technology innovation leader, Nokia employs over 90,000 people globally and maintains a strong social media presence with 1.8+ million LinkedIn followers, focusing on pioneering networks and cloud technologies while leveraging their 150+ years of innovation heritage.