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The news that Lenbrook, the Canadian conglomerate owning NAD, PSB, and Bluesound, now also owns MQA (Master Quality Authenticated) has raised quite a stir in the high-fidelity audio realm. MQA has always been a subject of fascination, but now that it is under the umbrella of a significant player in the audio industry, it begs the question: Does MQA still have relevance in today's world of gigabit internet and nearly limitless storage solutions?

## The Background on MQA

MQA aims to deliver studio-quality audio in a file small enough to stream. For a while, it appeared as a golden ticket for those with limited internet bandwidth or data caps. However, as more people gain access to high-speed, unlimited internet, the need for smaller file sizes diminishes. Moreover, with the advent of other lossless audio formats like FLAC and WAV that don't require additional licensing fees, the benefits of MQA are increasingly called into question.

## The Perceived Value

One common sentiment is that MQA's primary goal is to gather as many licensing dollars as possible without necessarily offering something of concrete value. While this might appear cynical, it captures the essence of many conversations surrounding MQA. Why invest in a technology that doesn't significantly outperform its rivals?

## More Than Just Licensing Schemes?

In defense of the acquisition, some argue that Lenbrook’s primary motive is to protect its other business interests. As one of the largest licensees of MQA, purchasing the company could be a strategic move to prevent competitors from gaining control and potentially leveraging the technology against them. However, this perspective doesn't necessarily justify the continued use of MQA over alternative formats that offer similar or better quality without the added costs.

## The Importance of Interoperability

One of the defining features of high-fidelity audio equipment and software is interoperability. Most components can connect via RCA cables, and audio files can be converted into a variety of formats. With the proliferation of non-proprietary, user-serviceable technologies, there seems little room left for proprietary solutions like MQA. High-quality audio is already accessible in various formats without the need for additional licenses or specialized equipment.

## Questionable Quality?

Another point of contention is the actual audio quality delivered by MQA. Some experts argue that MQA degrades sound quality, making it even less appealing than "snake oil" solutions that merely do nothing. Given the vast range of alternatives that capture the full audio spectrum without compromise, MQA's role becomes increasingly limited.

## Conclusion

The acquisition of MQA by Lenbrook has added fuel to an already fiery discussion. While some see the buyout as a business strategy, others view it as an attempt to further a technology that has little benefit in today's high-speed, data-rich environment. It remains to be seen whether MQA will find a more substantial role in the evolving landscape of high-fidelity audio, but for now, the consensus leans toward skepticism.

So, does MQA still matter in today's high-fidelity audio ecosystem? Given the current state of technology and the trends in consumer behavior, the answer seems increasingly to be a resounding "no."

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The Future of MQA: Impact and Questions Surrounding Its Necessity

Explore the growing debate around MQA technology in the age of gigabit internet and the role it plays in the consumer audio industry. Understand the diverse perspectives on MQA's true value and utility.


In the realm of high-fidelity audio, creating an acoustically pleasant environment is as paramount as having high-quality audio equipment. Sound absorption plays a vital role in achieving this objective by minimizing unwanted reflections and reverberations that can muddy the sonic clarity. This article explores the science of sound absorption and delves into the acoustic properties of various materials, shedding light on their effectiveness in room treatment.

**The Mechanism of Sound Absorption**
Sound absorption is a phenomenon where acoustic energy is transformed into heat as it strikes a material. The efficacy of this process is determined by the material’s acoustic impedance, a measure of resistance against the propagation of sound waves. A material with an acoustic impedance that closely matches that of air is generally more effective at absorbing sound.

**Different Materials and Their Sound Absorption Capabilities**
Various materials exhibit distinct sound-absorbing properties, primarily influenced by their density, thickness, and porosity. Let's dive into some of these materials:

## Fiberglass Panels

Fiberglass panels are known for their excellent sound-absorption properties, particularly in the mid to high-frequency range. These panels are manufactured from fine fibers of glass that are woven intricately into a mat. This porous structure enables them to trap sound waves effectively, reducing echo and reverberation in a space. Besides their acoustic advantages, fiberglass panels are lightweight, easy to install, and come in various sizes and thicknesses to suit different applications.

Technical Specification: The Noise Reduction Coefficient (NRC) of fiberglass panels ranges between 0.70 to 1.20, indicating a high sound absorption efficiency across a significant frequency range.

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## Rockwool

Rockwool, made from spun minerals and basalt rock, is revered for its broad spectrum sound absorption capabilities. Its dense, fibrous structure allows it to capture sound waves efficiently, making it a preferred choice for soundproofing in various settings including home theaters, studios, and industrial sites. Moreover, Rockwool is fire-resistant and water-repellent, adding to its desirability as a sound-absorbing material.

Technical Specification: With a Noise Reduction Coefficient (NRC) ranging from 0.90 to 1.10, Rockwool demonstrates a strong ability to absorb a substantial portion of incident sound energy.

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## Foam Panels

Foam panels, especially those of open-cell design, are effective in taming higher frequency sounds. They provide an affordable and easy-to-install solution for treating spaces with sound reflection issues. However, their effectiveness diminishes as the frequency lowers, making them less suitable for addressing low-frequency sound problems.

Technical Specification: The NRC of foam panels varies from 0.20 to 0.80, contingent on factors like density and thickness.

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## Bass Traps

Bass traps are specialized acoustic treatments designed to control low-frequency sounds. They are crucial for rooms with boomy acoustics and are typically installed in corners where low-frequency build-up is most pronounced. Bass traps come in various designs, including resonant absorbers and porous absorbers, each catering to specific low-frequency issues.

Technical Specification: Bass traps are effective in the frequency range of 50 Hz to 500 Hz, significantly mitigating low-frequency reverberations.

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## Perforated Wood Panels

Perforated wood panels marry aesthetic elegance with acoustic functionality. They are effective in treating mid to high-frequency sounds, with the degree of sound absorption being influenced by the size and pattern of perforations. These panels are ideal for environments where both visual appeal and acoustic comfort are desired.

Technical Specification: The NRC of perforated wood panels varies between 0.60 to 0.90, influenced by the perforation dimensions and pattern.

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## Effective Room Treatment
 
Understanding the sound-absorbing properties of materials is critical for effective room treatment. By strategically placing sound-absorbing materials in a room, one can significantly improve the acoustical environment, rendering a cleaner, more defined sound output.

**Conclusion** 
The journey towards impeccable sound quality is multifaceted, with sound absorption being a cornerstone. A deep understanding of the acoustic properties of various materials and their strategic placement within a space can substantially enhance the auditory experience, bringing one closer to the elusive goal of true high-fidelity sound reproduction.

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Analyzing Material Sound Absorption: A Path to Acoustic Harmony

Material sound absorption is a pivotal step towards high-fidelity sound reproduction. Understand the technical and practical aspects of various sound-absorbing materials to enhance sonic clarity and acoustic comfort.

#### Why Acoustic Terminology Matters

Understanding the language of acoustics is not just for scientists or sound engineers; it's essential for anyone passionate about achieving the best sound experience, whether you're an audiophile or a professional. Knowing terms like "Reverberation" or "Absorption" can help you diagnose problems in your listening room or even enhance your enjoyment of music or movies.

#### The Four Pillars

At the heart of acoustic understanding are four key terms: Reverberation, Absorption, Reflection, and Diffusion. Think of these as the four pillars that uphold the 'temple' of sound quality. Understanding these terms can significantly elevate your listening experience.

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### Unpacking Reverberation

#### What is Reverberation?

Reverberation is the continuation of sound in a particular space even after the original sound source has stopped. Imagine clapping your hands in an empty room; the sound lingers for a few moments, bouncing off the walls, ceiling, and floor. That lingering is reverberation. Too much of it can muddy sound quality, while too little can make a room feel "dead."

#### Reverberation Time (RT60)

RT60 is a metric that measures how long it takes for the sound to decay by 60 decibels in a room. In simple terms, it gauges how 'echoey' a room is. Measuring RT60 helps in tuning a room for optimal sound quality. For example, a home theater might aim for a shorter RT60 to keep dialogues crisp, while a concert hall might aim for a longer RT60 to enrich musical notes.

#### The Role of Reverberation in Different Environments

Reverberation behaves differently depending on where you are. In a recording studio, excessive reverberation is usually undesirable as it can muddle the clarity of recordings. Conversely, in a concert hall, a certain level of reverberation can add richness and warmth to live performances. Even in your living room, getting the reverberation right can make your hi-fi system shine.

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### The Absorption Factor

#### What is Sound Absorption?

Sound absorption refers to the process where materials, like acoustic foam or carpeting, "soak up" sound waves, reducing echo and background noise. Imagine sound absorption like a sponge soaking up water, but in this case, the sponge is soaking up sound energy.

#### Noise Reduction Coefficient (NRC)

The Noise Reduction Coefficient (NRC) is a number between 0 and 1 that indicates how well a material absorbs sound. A higher NRC means better absorption. For example, acoustic ceiling tiles with an NRC of 0.7 would absorb 70% of the sound hitting them, reflecting the remaining 30% back into the room.

#### Practical Applications of Absorption

In a home theater, strategic placement of absorbing materials can help reduce unwanted noise and echoes, making dialogues and musical scores clearer. In recording studios, absorption is essential for capturing the 'true' sound of an instrument or voice without interference from the room itself. Even in industrial settings, absorption can be crucial for employee comfort and safety, mitigating the impact of machine noise.

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### Understanding Reflection

#### The Basics of Sound Reflection

Sound reflection is the phenomenon where sound waves bounce off surfaces like walls, floors, and ceilings. Imagine throwing a ball at a wall; it comes back to you, right? Sound behaves similarly. When sound waves encounter a hard surface, they reflect back into the room. This can either be a positive or negative factor, depending on what you're aiming for acoustically.

#### First Reflection Points

First reflection points are the initial surfaces that sound waves hit after leaving a speaker. They're critical because these first reflections will reach the listener almost immediately after the direct sound, and can either clarify or muddy the sonic picture. In most cases, these are spots on your side walls, ceiling, or floor. Knowing where these points are can help you decide where to place absorbing or diffusive materials.

#### Reflective Surfaces and Sound Quality

Reflective surfaces aren't all bad; sometimes they're exactly what a room needs. For example, in a home theater, you might want some reflection off the side walls to make the audio sound more spacious. However, in a recording studio, excessive reflection could distort the true sound of an instrument or voice. The key is to find a balance between reflective and absorbent surfaces.

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### The Complexity of Diffusion

#### What is Sound Diffusion?

Diffusion is the scattering of sound waves in multiple directions. Unlike absorption or reflection, which deal with sound in a more linear way, diffusion disperses sound, reducing the sense of localization. Think of it like a garden sprinkler for sound; it scatters water (sound) uniformly in different directions.

#### Types of Diffusers

There are various types of diffusers, but two common ones are Quadratic Residue Diffusers (QRD) and Primitive Root Diffusers (PRD). QRDs use a sequence of well depths to scatter sound, while PRDs utilize a different mathematical formula for a more randomized scattering. Both have their strengths and weaknesses, but the goal is the same: to spread sound energy across a room evenly.

#### The Role of Diffusion in Room Acoustics

Diffusion can enhance a space by making it sound larger and more open. It helps break up sound energy and redistributes it throughout the room. This is beneficial in places like home theaters where you want a balanced, immersive sound field, or in music studios where you want to capture a more natural ambiance.

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### Putting it All Together

#### The Interplay Between the Four Terms

Understanding Reverberation, Absorption, Reflection, and Diffusion in isolation is good, but appreciating how they interact is even better. For instance, too much absorption can make a room sound lifeless, but adding diffusion can breathe life back into it. Likewise, too much reflection could cause problems, but the right amount of reverberation could fix it.

#### Case Studies

Real-world examples can illustrate how a blend of these four elements can create an acoustically optimized space. Whether it's a Grammy-winning recording studio or a state-of-the-art home theater, the principles remain the same: balance and harmony between these four pillars.

#### Final Thoughts and Further Resources

Mastering these terms is essential for anyone interested in acoustics, whether you're a professional or just passionate about sound. For those looking to deepen their knowledge, various books, online courses, and consultation services are available to guide you further.

Photo of a modern HiFi listening room.png

What is Reverberation, Absorption, Reflection, and Diffusion

A proper understanding of acoustical terminology is essential for effective room treatment. Learn how they impact room treatment and sound quality.

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